Well, the AI is still as bad at using starbases in 1.10A as 1.05, so the 10 StarBase cost means that the AI that goes SB wasting (that's all of them), kill themselves. So you end up with one to two less AI empires to worry you. They are just wasting all their money trying to pay for thier Star Bases. End result, the game is easier, and the AI develop slower.
Tech is supposed to be faster. Haven't noticed it yet in my games. I run my tech fast, but I'm not getting my war machine ready fast enough and keep getting culture dominance before the frigate and transports reach my enemies.
There are more events, and more anomalies. If you aren't using the Library Anomaly Mods, that's useful. More variety in a straight GC installation.
Other then that... the game will have lots of Space Sharks running about. Isn't a big deal, once you understand how to play with them. Another tool making it easier on you, actually, as the AI will waste tons of its ship resources trying to kill them, but it won't manage it 95% of the time, as it doesn't hit them hard enough.
Some new techs. Nothing impressive that I've noticed so far.
That's it as far as I've seen in-game. The Strat forum may already have a detailed listing of differences. I haven't checked there to see.
Although I have to note that I dropped a difficulty level, to get used to the changes. Next game, I'll go back to my Normal and see if their are any changes that show up at that level. Just to let you know.
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